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Version: 3.0

Medication Request

A medication request is a prescriber's instruction to supply and/or administer a medication to a patient. It is the starting point of the medication journey in Care — the order that everything downstream (dispensing, administration, the patient's medication history) refers back to.

What it represents

In Care's FHIR-aligned model, a medication request maps to the MedicationRequest resource. It captures:

  • What to give — a coded drug from a managed list, or a specific product from your facility's catalogue
  • How to give it — structured dosage instructions: dose, route, body site, timing and frequency, and whether the medication is taken only as needed (PRN)
  • Why and how urgently — the intent (a proposal, a plan, or a firm order), the care setting (inpatient, outpatient, community, or discharge), and the priority (routine through stat)
  • Who and where — the patient, the encounter it was written during, the prescriber, and when it was authored

A medication request records the intent to medicate — it is not proof that the drug was handed over or taken. Handing the drug out is a medication dispense, giving it to the patient is a medication administration, and what the patient reports actually taking is a medication statement. The request is the order; the others are the follow-through.

How it connects

A medication request never stands alone. It is always tied to a clinical context:

  • Patient — every request belongs to one patient. The patient is taken from the encounter, never supplied directly, so a request can never point at someone who wasn't actually seen.
  • Encounter — the visit or admission the order was written during. This anchors the order in time and place and decides who is allowed to touch it.
  • Prescription — requests authored together in one sitting are grouped under a single prescription for the encounter. Think of the prescription as the sheet of paper and each medication request as one line on it.
  • Requester — the clinician who authored the order.

Grouping by prescription is what lets a pharmacist review or act on a whole prescribing event at once, rather than one drug at a time.

Lifecycle

A medication request moves through a status that reflects where the order stands:

draft → active → (on_hold) → completed / stopped / ended / cancelled
  • draft — written but not yet finalised or acted on
  • active — the live order; this is the default for a real prescription
  • on_hold — temporarily suspended (for example, paused before surgery), expected to resume
  • completed — the course has run as intended
  • stopped — deliberately discontinued before completion (for example, an adverse reaction)
  • ended — the order's validity period has lapsed
  • cancelled — withdrawn before it took effect
  • entered_in_error — recorded by mistake and retracted; kept for audit, not treatment
  • unknown — status cannot be determined

When a request is stopped or changed, a status reason can record why — for example an allergy, a suspected drug interaction, a duplicate therapy, or the patient being scheduled for surgery. Once a request is created, only a narrow set of things can change: its status, its note, and its dispensing progress. The clinical substance of the order — the drug and the dosage — is fixed at authoring.

Classification

Two coded fields shape how a request is read and routed:

  • Intent — how firm the order is, from a loose proposal, to a plan, to a true order. This separates "we're thinking about this drug" from "give this drug."
  • Category — the care setting the order applies to: inpatient, outpatient, community, or discharge. Discharge medications, for instance, are what the patient goes home with.

A request can also be marked do not perform — an explicit instruction that a medication must not be given, which is a clinical statement in its own right, not merely the absence of an order.

Permissions

Access to a medication request follows the encounter it belongs to, with one addition: pharmacists get a facility-wide grant so they can fill orders across the floor. Authoring an order requires write access on the encounter; reading one requires clinical-data access for the patient, or read access on the specific encounter.

PermissionDescriptionSystem Roles
can_write_encounter_clinical_dataAuthor, update, or discontinue a medication request on an encounterAdmin, Doctor, Nurse, Facility Admin
is_pharmacistPharmacist-wide access to read every medication request in a facility (and create dispenses)Facility Admin, Admin, Pharmacist
can_view_clinical_dataRead the medication requests recorded for a patientStaff, Doctor, Nurse, Admin, Facility Admin
can_read_encounter_clinical_dataRead the medication requests on a specific encounter (when scoped by encounter)Admin, Doctor, Nurse, Facility Admin

Roles are granted to a user through their membership in an organization, facility, or patient's care team; permissions cascade down the organization tree, so access granted higher up flows to the facilities and encounters beneath it.

FHIR reference

This concept aligns with the HL7 FHIR MedicationRequest resource, which represents an order or instruction for a medication for a patient. Care uses underscored status and intent values (for example on_hold, original_order) rather than the hyphenated FHIR spellings.